Escape Velocity

This interactive simulator explores Escape Velocity in Gravity & Orbits. Launch from different planets and see trajectory results. Use the controls to change the scenario; watch the visualization and any graphs or readouts to connect the model with lectures, labs, and homework.

Who it's for: Suited to beginners and first exposure to the topic. Typical context: Gravity & Orbits.

Key terms

  • escape
  • velocity
  • escape velocity
  • gravity
  • orbits

How it works

From distance r from the center of a spherical body, the escape speed is v_esc = √(2GM/r). Launch radially outward: below v_esc the probe stays bound (ellipse); at or above v_esc the specific mechanical energy is non-negative and the trajectory can reach infinity. Circular orbit speed √(GM/r) is smaller by √2 — compare the readouts. Planet presets scale GM and radius for a qualitative feel, not astronomical accuracy.

Key equations

E = ½v² − GM/r  ·  escape when E ≥ 0
v_esc = √(2GM/r),   v_circ = √(GM/r)