Cable Equation on an Axon

The passive cable equation linearizes membrane dynamics near rest: ∂V/∂t = ∂/∂x(D(x)∂V/∂x) − V/τ + I, where D bundles axial resistance and membrane capacitance in these teaching units. Piecewise larger D mimics lower loss in myelinated internodes, giving faster apparent propagation than a uniform fiber at the same mean parameters.

Who it's for: Students linking compartment models to saltatory conduction phenomenology.

Key terms

  • Cable equation
  • Myelin
  • Diffusion
  • Leak time constant

How it works

Finite-difference cable with piecewise diffusion coefficient: saltatory conduction cartoon by alternating low-D “node” and high-D myelinated stretches.

Frequently asked questions

Is this a full myelinated cable with explicit nodes of Ranvier?
No. It is a coarse finite-difference cartoon: periodically elevated D stands in for reduced leakage per unit length between excitable nodes.