Prism & Dispersion

This interactive simulator explores Prism & Dispersion in Optics & Light. White light through a prism creating a rainbow spectrum. Use the controls to change the scenario; watch the visualization and any graphs or readouts to connect the model with lectures, labs, and homework.

Who it's for: Suited to beginners and first exposure to the topic. Typical context: Optics & Light.

Key terms

  • prism
  • dispersion
  • prism dispersion
  • optics
  • light

How it works

White light is modeled as discrete spectral samples. Cauchy’s relation n(λ) = n₀ + B/λ² captures normal dispersion: shorter wavelengths have a higher refractive index, so each color refracts by a slightly different amount at the two prism surfaces, separating into a spectrum.

Key equations

n(λ) ≈ n₀ + B/λ²   (Cauchy, λ in µm)
Snell: n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂ at each interface