Hohmann Transfer Orbit

This interactive simulator explores Hohmann Transfer in Gravity & Orbits. Coplanar circles r₁,r₂; transfer ellipse; Δv₁, Δv₂ from vis-viva. Use the controls to change the scenario; watch the visualization and any graphs or readouts to connect the model with lectures, labs, and homework.

Who it's for: Best once you already know the basic definitions and want to build intuition. Typical context: Gravity & Orbits.

Key terms

  • hohmann
  • transfer
  • hohmann transfer
  • gravity
  • orbits

How it works

**Hohmann** transfer: **coplanar** **circular** orbits **r₁ < r₂** around one **massive** body. The **transfer ellipse** has **periapsis r₁** and **apoapsis r₂**, so **a = (r₁+r₂)/2** and **eccentricity e = (r₂−r₁)/(r₂+r₁)**. **Prograde** **Δv₁** at **inner** periapsis raises apoapsis to **r₂**; **Δv₂** at **outer** apoapsis circularizes. **Pink** arrows mark **impulse** directions (schematic). **White** dot coasts on the **transfer** branch — timing of burns is idealized.

Key equations

v_circ = √(GM/r) · vis-viva on ellipse · two tangential burns